Προβολή Εργασίας
THERMAL METHODS TO ASSESS THE QUALITY OF BIOMASS-DERIVED INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS - THE CASE OF LIGNIN
Δ. Κουλλάς1, Ε. Κούκιος1, Ε. Αυγερινός1, A. Abaecherli2, R. Gosselink3, C. Vasile4, R. Lehnen5, B. Saake5, J. Suren6
1 Σχολή Χημικών Μηχανικών, Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο
2 International Lignin Institute, Switzerland
3 Agrotechnology & Food Innovations (WUR), The Netherlands
4 "P.Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romania
5 Institute for Wood Chemistry and Chemical Technology of Wood (BFH), Germany
6 Hexion Specialty Chemicals Group, Germany |
ΣΥΝΤΟΜΗ ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE
The thermal properties of lignin are critical for its use as feedstock for various industrial products, such as adhesives, thermoplastics, absorbents, and other specialty materials. In this paper we present and discuss results on the thermal behaviour of four different types of lignin, i.e., wood Kraft lignin, steam explosion lignin, bagasse lignin, and lignosulfonates.
APPROACH
A Round Robin on lignin thermal analyses was organised, involving six laboratories conducting thermal analyses of the four lignin types in order to study properties such as cp, Tg and softening points, as well as the endo- and exothermic behaviour of the materials. The thermal analyses took place between 20-900oC at a heating rate of 10oC/min under inert (nitrogen) or oxidative (air/oxygen) atmosphere. Six different types of thermal analyzers (Differential Scanning Calorimetry ?DSC- and Thermogravimetry ?TG- equipment) were tested. A lignin chemical reactivity test was also considered.
INNOVATION & RELEVANCE
This reseach took place in the frame of the EUROLIGNIN Thematic Research Network, funded by the European Commission, DG Research.
RESULTS
Some laboratories have located similar lignin exothermic and ? less clearly - endothermic and softening temperatures for certain samples. A critical temperature area seems to be that of 140-145oC. The statistical variation of the results are due to the ?history? of the material, e.g., drying of samples before the experiments. The reseach has also indicated and documented the need to perform several test runs to record both water absorption/desorption phenomena, as well as possible transition/ decomposition processes of the dried samples.
CONCLUSIONS
Thermal analysis can be a valuable lignin quality assessment tool provided that extreme care is taken to respect detailed experimental protocols, especially on sample source and history.
Λέξεις Κλειδιά
lignin, DSC, thermal analyses
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